This is not possible with angular 2 unless you are using universal angular. Are you using angular universal?
It may also be in the wrong direction. Typically, canonical tags are not designed to share a specific page, but are designed to prevent search engines from penetrating deeper into a specific area of your site.
I think you want to dynamically configure meta tags for sharing on facebook and twitter. In this case, you can view this article to find out more information https://moz.com/blog/meta-data-templates-123
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