Google Test in Visual Studio 2012

Question

I am trying to start with unit testing. I downloaded the latest gtest assembly and extracted it to A:\gtest . Following the instructions, I opened the gtest.sln file. Visual Studio only allows me to open sln if I agree to update it. Then, when I try to build, I get a bunch of errors:

 1>------ Build started: Project: gtest, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1> gtest-all.cc 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\gtest-printers.h(550): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\gtest-printers.h(558): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4249) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator9<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9>' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(142) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4019): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4030): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4030): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4035): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4035): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator9<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9>::Iterator' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(69) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4044): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4044): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4077): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4077): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4119): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4119): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4123): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4123): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4204): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4204): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4505) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator10<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,T10>' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(142) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4258): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4270): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4270): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4275): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4275): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator10<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,T10>::Iterator' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(69) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4284): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4284): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4320): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4320): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4366): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4366): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4370): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4370): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4456): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4456): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4766) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductHolder9<Generator1,Generator2,Generator3,Generator4,Generator5,Generator6,Generator7,Generator8,Generator9>' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' 1> a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4813) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductHolder10<Generator1,Generator2,Generator3,Generator4,Generator5,Generator6,Generator7,Generator8,Generator9,Generator10>' being compiled 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type 1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list 1> b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple' ========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ========== 

Am I doing something wrong or is this a problem with VS2012? I am not attached to the google test and do not mind using a different structure, if it works better with VS, I just heard very good things about gtest.

Answer 1

VC ++ 2012 does not and will not support variable templates; therefore, its implementation of the standard library attempts to fake them using over-processor overloads and specializations. Since this blog comment notes that the default number of faux variadic template parameters is 5 - the problem is that gtest is trying to instantiate std::tuple<> as many as 10 arguments to the template.

As already mentioned in the blog, you can define the _VARIADIC_MAX macro for the entire project to support up to 10 parameters; you probably want to do this as part of your preprocessor definition project, but it's important to make sure that every TU defines it before including any stdlib headers (directly or indirectly).

Answer 2

Instead of modifying the implementation of the tuple VS2012 using the _VARIADIC_MAX macro, I solved this problem by defining the following two macros for the most complex projects and projects, including gtest headers:

 GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE=0 GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1 

Setting GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE to 0 prevents gtest from trying to use the tuple class from the STL headers, and setting GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE to 1 tells gtest to use its own tuple implementation rather than skipping functions that require tuple support. I personally preferred this option to configure the STL implementation, and this solution should work on any other compilers that have similar problems.

Answer 3

This is fixed in version r675. See https://code.google.com/p/googletest/source/detail?r=675

Answer 4

Also, until you get the latest version, add GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0 to your definitions before the processor.