Using Uri and Url in the semantic network

I am working on a semantic web project and am having problems with Uri and Url.

First of all , a general question: how does Uris link to a user application on the World Wide Web? Are there similar Urls stored on some international servers, and the resource is provided to the user application when the corresponding Uri is requested? I made Uris for my ontology users in RDF files. Is it enough to just store Uri in my web files? How can you be sure that it is unique? (for example, this is for a student: # stu00546)
Second , what should I give Uri for my ontology? Do I have to register a valid Uri for it to work online?
LastDo I have to store both Uris and Url for the person where I need it? For example, if I want to create a person about a training resource (for example, Pdf), and I want the user to be able to open this Pdf later, should I store the Url from the Pdf, or should I identify this person with him Uri, which is assigned to him by another site?

Thank you very much for your time and attention.

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3 answers

About the URI: in general, all URIs cannot be referenced: for example

urn:isbn:0451450523

describes the book identifier, but there is no standard way to find this book. Some protocols, such as URLs or LSIDs , are associated with a protocol that allows them to retrieve information.

URI : URI (, urn: me: onotology/mywebsite #, , URL- , . href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-ref/#Header" rel= "nofollow noreferrer" > . , FOAF http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/, .

URL- ():

<foaf:Document rdf:about="http://example.org/mydoc1">
  <dc:title xml:lang="en">Title</dc:title>
  <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Titre</dc:title>
</foaf:Document>

<my:InstanceOfDoc rdf:about="http://example.org/mydoc1/pdf">
 <my:isInstanceOf  rdf:resource="http://example.org/mydoc1"/>
 <my:mime-type>application/pdf</my:mime-type>
</my:InstanceOfDoc>


<my:InstanceOfDoc rdf:about="http://example.org/mydoc1/txt">
 <my:isInstanceOf  rdf:resource="http://example.org/mydoc1"/>
 <my:mime-type>text/plain</my:mime-type>
</my:InstanceOfDoc>

<my:InstanceOfDoc rdf:about="http://example.org/mydoc1/html">
 <my:isInstanceOf  rdf:resource="http://example.org/mydoc1"/>
 <my:mime-type>text/html</my:mime-type>
</my:InstanceOfDoc>
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RDF URI RDF. ( ), , , URI , . URI (, OWL) ( - , ), URI.

URI, #student1234, , urn:myappname:students#student1234 .

"" URI ( FOAF, , ). URI, http://myserver.com/myappname/students/student1234, .

, , , Semantic Web : RDF, RDFS OWL "Wishful Names" ". , ( ), URI, urn:example:cars#car123, ontology:Car. URI ( ) ; URI .

, .

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, . URI URL? , Wikipedia .

, URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) ​​ . ISBN, , , . URL (Uniform Resource Locator) , ; , URL- .

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