According to this article about using CSS sprites in high contrast , in high contrast mode on Windows, the background images should be set to “none” and it will also change the background color. This should override any CSS stylesheet. This way you can execute some javascript to detect it after the initial rendering. Check out its demo page (text "FYI [Not] in high contrast mode".
I have a Mac (using FYI switch Cmd + Alt + Ctrl + 8) and its technique does not work for me, but it says that it works on Windows.
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