The reason for this is that the column expects to collect as much data as possible, on the basis of which its assumptions about the columns will be based. He does not know that the sample data is repeated every second.
You can get closer to what you want to do by doing this:
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do iostat | column -t; sleep 1; done
EDIT
Thanks to two suggestions from Dennis:
for i in {0..9} ; do iostat 1 1 | column -t; sleep 1; done
, . sed grep .