Call a convention and evaluation procedure

Question

I know that C ++ does not indicate the order in which parameters are passed to the function. But if we write the following code:

void __cdecl func(int a, int b, int c)
{
       printf("%d,%d,%d", a,b,c);
}
int main()
{
   int i=10;
   func(++i, i, ++i);
}

Can we reliably say that there will be a solution 12,11,11, since __ cdecl guarantees that the order of passing arguments is right?

Answer 1

According to the Standard, you need to understand and distinguish between two things:

• C ++ does not indicate the order in which the parameters are passed to functions (as you said yourself that it was true!)
• C ++ does not determine the order in which function arguments are evaluated [expr.call].

, , __cdecl , . , , left-to-right right-to-left; !

, .

, Microsoft ++, . , MSV++ IF, !

---

func(++i, i, ++i);

, undefined, i .

Answer 2

( - ), undefined .

Answer 3

, . . , __stdcall , __stdcall, , .
, , , , .

, , . , fn(a, b, c) GCC

push c
push b
push a 
call fn

sub esp, 0xC  
mov [esp+8], c
mov [esp+4], b
mov [esp], a
call fn

, .

Answer 4

, C , , " undefined". , int ~ 0U undefined, C , int -1 ( -493, ). , , -1. __cdecl C , , , ; C , , .