How can I verify that a group of numbers is consistent in T-SQL?

Question

If I were to have a table with an integer column containing n number of rows and would like to check if they were sequential, how could I do this?

DECLARE @Temp TABLE 
(
    IntegerValue INT,
    Processed BIT
)

I have a solution that works in 3 lines, but this is not true, if the requirements change, then there will be a request (ignoring the fact that my amount will not work in this case).

@SumOfValues = (@FirstValue * @NumOfValues) + @NumOfValues 

Answer 1

SELECT CASE
         WHEN COUNT(DISTINCT IntegerValue) /*Or COUNT(*) dependant on how
                                            duplicates should be treated */ 
                =  1 + MAX(IntegerValue) - MIN(IntegerValue) THEN 'Y'
         ELSE 'N'
       END
FROM   @Temp  

If you want to know in which spaces you can use

;WITH T AS
(
SELECT *,
       DENSE_RANK() OVER (ORDER BY IntegerValue) - IntegerValue AS Grp
FROM @Temp
)
SELECT MIN(IntegerValue) AS RangeStart, 
       MAX(IntegerValue) AS RangeEnd
FROM T
GROUP BY Grp
ORDER BY MIN(IntegerValue)

Answer 2

Solution 1: (I assumed that the following value is the current value plus 1, I also added PK):

DECLARE @Temp TABLE 
(
    IntegerValue INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Processed BIT
);

INSERT  @Temp(IntegerValue)
SELECT  1
UNION ALL
SELECT  2
UNION ALL
SELECT  3
UNION ALL
SELECT  4
UNION ALL
SELECT  5;

--Test 1
DECLARE @RowCount INT;
SELECT  @RowCount=COUNT(*)
FROM    @Temp a
LEFT JOIN @Temp b ON a.IntegerValue+1=b.IntegerValue
WHERE   b.IntegerValue IS NOT NULL
OR      b.IntegerValue IS NULL
AND     a.IntegerValue = (SELECT MAX(IntegerValue) FROM @Temp);

IF @RowCount = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM @Temp)
    SELECT 'CONSECUTIVE' Test1_Result
ELSE
    SELECT 'not CONSECUTIVE' Test1_Result;

--Test 2
DELETE @Temp;
INSERT  @Temp(IntegerValue)
SELECT  1
UNION ALL
SELECT  2
UNION ALL
SELECT  3
UNION ALL
SELECT  400
UNION ALL
SELECT  5;

SELECT  @RowCount=COUNT(*)
FROM    @Temp a
LEFT JOIN @Temp b ON a.IntegerValue+1=b.IntegerValue
WHERE   b.IntegerValue IS NOT NULL
OR      b.IntegerValue IS NULL
AND     a.IntegerValue = (SELECT MAX(IntegerValue) FROM @Temp);

IF @RowCount = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM @Temp)
    SELECT 'CONSECUTIVE' Test2_Result
ELSE
    SELECT 'not CONSECUTIVE' Test2_Result;

2: ( , IntegerValue 1)

DECLARE @Temp TABLE 
(
    IntegerValue INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Processed BIT
);

INSERT  @Temp(IntegerValue)
SELECT  v.number
FROM    master.dbo.spt_values v
WHERE   v.type = 'P'
AND     v.number > 0;

SELECT CASE WHEN 
    (
        SELECT  TOP 1 q.IntegerValue
        FROM
        (
            SELECT  a.IntegerValue
                    ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY a.IntegerValue) Num
            FROM    @Temp a
        ) q
        WHERE   q.IntegerValue <> q.Num
    ) IS NULL THEN 'Y' ELSE 'N' END

3: ( " ", , elapsed time)

DECLARE @Temp TABLE 
(
    IntegerValue INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Processed BIT
);

INSERT  @Temp(IntegerValue)
SELECT  1
UNION ALL
SELECT  2
UNION ALL
SELECT  3
UNION ALL
SELECT  4
UNION ALL
SELECT  5;

DECLARE @IsConsecutive BIT,
    @PreviousIntegerValue INT;

SELECT  @IsConsecutive = 1;

SELECT   @IsConsecutive = CASE WHEN @PreviousIntegerValue + 1 <> a.IntegerValue /*AND a.IntegerValue IS NOT NULL = condition necessary if IntegerValue field allows NULLs */ THEN 0 ELSE @IsConsecutive END
        ,@PreviousIntegerValue = a.IntegerValue
FROM    @Temp a
ORDER BY a.IntegerValue ASC
OPTION (MAXDOP 1);

SELECT  @IsConsecutive [IsConsecutive];

Answer 3

CREATE TABLE #T(ID INT)
DECLARE @i INT
SET @I = 1
WHILE(@I <= LEN('12235588966'))
BEGIN
  IF(SUBSTRING('12235588966',@i,1) = SUBSTRING('12235588966',@i-1,1))
  BEGIN
        INSERT INTO #T SELECT SUBSTRING('12235588966',@i,1)
  END
  SET @i = @I +1
END

SELECT * FROM #T