Resize sprite points based on distance from camera

Question

I am writing a Wolfenstein 3D clone using only the core OpenGL 3.3 for the university, and I had a problem with sprites, namely, that they scale correctly based on distance.

From what I can say, previous versions of OGL actually did it for you, but this functionality was removed, and all my attempts to redefine it led to a complete failure.

My current implementation is passable at distances not too shabby in the middle of the range and bizzare at close range.

The main problem (I think) is that I do not have an understanding of the math that I use.
The target size of the sprite is slightly larger than the viewing area, so it should “exit the picture” as soon as you get to it, but it’s not. It gets smaller and it scares me. I recorded a short video about this if words are not enough. (Mine on the right)

Can someone direct me to where I am wrong and explain why?

Code:
C ++

// setup
glPointParameteri(GL_POINT_SPRITE_COORD_ORIGIN, GL_LOWER_LEFT);
glEnable(GL_PROGRAM_POINT_SIZE);

// Drawing
glUseProgram(StaticsProg);
glBindVertexArray(statixVAO);
glUniformMatrix4fv(uStatixMVP, 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(MVP));
glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, iNumSprites);

Vertex Shader

#version 330 core

layout(location = 0) in vec2 pos;
layout(location = 1) in int spriteNum_;

flat out int spriteNum;

uniform mat4 MVP;

const float constAtten  = 0.9;
const float linearAtten = 0.6;
const float quadAtten   = 0.001;

void main() {
    spriteNum = spriteNum_;
    gl_Position = MVP * vec4(pos.x + 1, pos.y, 0.5, 1); // Note: I have fiddled the MVP so that z is height rather than depth, since this is how I learned my vectors.
    float dist = distance(gl_Position, vec4(0,0,0,1));
    float attn = constAtten / ((1 + linearAtten * dist) * (1 + quadAtten * dist * dist));
    gl_PointSize = 768.0 * attn;
}

Fragment shader

#version 330 core

flat in int spriteNum;

out vec4 color;

uniform sampler2DArray Sprites;

void main() {
    color = texture(Sprites, vec3(gl_PointCoord.s, gl_PointCoord.t, spriteNum));
    if (color.a < 0.2)
        discard;
}

Answer 1

First of all, I do not understand why you are using pos.x + 1.

, , , . , , ( ), .

uniform mat4 MV;       //modelview matrix

vec3 eyePos = MV * vec4(pos.x, pos.y, 0.5, 1); 

, . constAtten . , OpenGL:

float dist = length(eyePos);   //since the distance to (0,0,0) is just the length
float attn = inversesqrt(constAtten + linearAtten*dist + quadAtten*dist*dist);

EDIT: , , , , , .

( gl_PointSize), :

uniform mat4 MV;                //modelview matrix
uniform mat4 P;                 //projection matrix
uniform float spriteWidth;      //object space width of sprite (maybe an per-vertex in)
uniform float screenWidth;      //screen width in pixels

vec4 eyePos = MV * vec4(pos.x, pos.y, 0.5, 1); 
vec4 projCorner = P * vec4(0.5*spriteWidth, 0.5*spriteWidth, eyePos.z, eyePos.w);
gl_PointSize = screenWidth * projCorner.x / projCorner.w;
gl_Position = P * eyePos;

, , spriteWidth.

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Answer 2

Christian Rau answer ( ), , ViewSpace, , , :

: ( , , , 1 x)

Vertex Shader

#version 330 core

layout (location = 0) in vec4 gridPos;
layout (location = 1) in int  spriteNum_in;

flat out int spriteNum;

// simple pass-thru to the geometry generator
void main() {
    gl_Position = gridPos;
    spriteNum = spriteNum_in;
}

Geometry Shader

#version 330 core

layout (points) in;
layout (triangle_strip, max_vertices = 4) out;

flat in int spriteNum[];

smooth out vec3 stp;

uniform mat4 Projection;
uniform mat4 View;

void main() {
    // Put us into screen space. 
    vec4 pos = View * gl_in[0].gl_Position;

    int snum = spriteNum[0];

    // Bottom left corner
    gl_Position = pos;
    gl_Position.x += 0.5;
    gl_Position = Projection * gl_Position;
    stp = vec3(0, 0, snum);
    EmitVertex();

    // Top left corner
    gl_Position = pos;
    gl_Position.x += 0.5;
    gl_Position.y += 1;
    gl_Position = Projection * gl_Position;
    stp = vec3(0, 1, snum);
    EmitVertex();

    // Bottom right corner
    gl_Position = pos;
    gl_Position.x -= 0.5;
    gl_Position = Projection * gl_Position;
    stp = vec3(1, 0, snum);
    EmitVertex();

    // Top right corner
    gl_Position = pos;
    gl_Position.x -= 0.5;
    gl_Position.y += 1;
    gl_Position = Projection * gl_Position;
    stp = vec3(1, 1, snum);
    EmitVertex();

    EndPrimitive();
}

#version 330 core

smooth in vec3 stp;

out vec4 colour;

uniform sampler2DArray Sprites;

void main() {
    colour = texture(Sprites, stp);
    if (colour.a < 0.2)
        discard;
}

Answer 3

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Answer 4

At least in OpenGL ES 2.0, there is a maximum size limit on gl_PointSize imposed by the OpenGL implementation. You can request a size using ALIASED_POINT_SIZE_RANGE.