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PHP5 compute IPv6 range from cidr prefix?

I can do this using IPv4 using code snippets from various online sources. I was wondering if there is a way to do this using IPv6.

Basically, I just need a form in which I can enter the IPv6 address and prefix (for example: address / 68), and it calculates the network address, the first useful address, the last useful address and the broadcast address. Then it simply prints on the screen. Do not want to store it in a database or something else.

How should I do it?

Thanks to everyone in advance!

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3 answers

: IPv6 . . : (, 99.x% ) a/64. a/68 IPv6, .

IPv6:

<?php

/*
 * This is definitely not the fastest way to do it!
 */

// An example prefix
$prefix = '2001:db8:abc:1400::/54';

// Split in address and prefix length
list($firstaddrstr, $prefixlen) = explode('/', $prefix);

// Parse the address into a binary string
$firstaddrbin = inet_pton($firstaddrstr);

// Convert the binary string to a string with hexadecimal characters
# unpack() can be replaced with bin2hex()
# unpack() is used for symmetry with pack() below
$firstaddrhex = reset(unpack('H*', $firstaddrbin));

// Overwriting first address string to make sure notation is optimal
$firstaddrstr = inet_ntop($firstaddrbin);

// Calculate the number of 'flexible' bits
$flexbits = 128 - $prefixlen;

// Build the hexadecimal string of the last address
$lastaddrhex = $firstaddrhex;

// We start at the end of the string (which is always 32 characters long)
$pos = 31;
while ($flexbits > 0) {
  // Get the character at this position
  $orig = substr($lastaddrhex, $pos, 1);

  // Convert it to an integer
  $origval = hexdec($orig);

  // OR it with (2^flexbits)-1, with flexbits limited to 4 at a time
  $newval = $origval | (pow(2, min(4, $flexbits)) - 1);

  // Convert it back to a hexadecimal character
  $new = dechex($newval);

  // And put that character back in the string
  $lastaddrhex = substr_replace($lastaddrhex, $new, $pos, 1);

  // We processed one nibble, move to previous position
  $flexbits -= 4;
  $pos -= 1;
}

// Convert the hexadecimal string to a binary string
# Using pack() here
# Newer PHP version can use hex2bin()
$lastaddrbin = pack('H*', $lastaddrhex);

// And create an IPv6 address from the binary string
$lastaddrstr = inet_ntop($lastaddrbin);

// Report to user
echo "Prefix: $prefix\n";
echo "First: $firstaddrstr\n";
echo "Last: $lastaddrstr\n";

?>

:

Prefix: 2001:db8:abc:1400::/54
First: 2001:db8:abc:1400::
Last: 2001:db8:abc:17ff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
+5

, , , dtr_pton dtr_ntop dTRIP GitHub.

IPv6 PHP http://www.highonphp.com/5-tips-for-working-with-ipv6-in-php, .

IP :

/**
 * dtr_pton
 *
 * Converts a printable IP into an unpacked binary string
 *
 * @author Mike Mackintosh - mike@bakeryphp.com
 * @param string $ip
 * @return string $bin
 */
function dtr_pton( $ip ){

    if(filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV4)){
        return current( unpack( "A4", inet_pton( $ip ) ) );
    }
    elseif(filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6)){
        return current( unpack( "A16", inet_pton( $ip ) ) );
    }

    throw new \Exception("Please supply a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address");

    return false;
}

IP:

/**
 * dtr_ntop
 *
 * Converts an unpacked binary string into a printable IP
 *
 * @author Mike Mackintosh - mike@bakeryphp.com
 * @param string $str
 * @return string $ip
 */
function dtr_ntop( $str ){
    if( strlen( $str ) == 16 OR strlen( $str ) == 4 ){
        return inet_ntop( pack( "A".strlen( $str ) , $str ) );
    }

    throw new \Exception( "Please provide a 4 or 16 byte string" );

    return false;
}

< >

dtr_pton :

$ip = dtr_pton("fe80:1:2:3:a:bad:1dea:dad");
$mask = dtr_pton("ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0::");

:

var_dump( dtr_ntop( $ip & $mask ) );
var_dump( dtr_ntop( $ip | ~ $mask ) );

:

string(18) "fe80:1:2:3:a:ba0::"
string(26) "fe80:1:2:3:a:baf:ffff:ffff"
+2

, code . , , , ipv6/ip2country script.

, @ mikemacintosh @ Sander Steffann, ( ) , , / :

/**
* This:
* <code>
* Ipv6_Prefix2Range('2001:43f8:10::/48');
* </code>
* returns this:
* <code>
* object(stdClass)#2 (4) {
*   ["Prefix"]=>
*   string(17) "2001:43f8:10::/48"
*   ["FirstHex"]=>
*   string(32) "200143f8001000000000000000000000"
*   ["LastHex"]=>
*   string(32) "200143f80010ffffffffffffffffffff"
*   ["MaskHex"]=>
*   string(32) "ffffffffffff00000000000000000000"
*   // Optional bin equivalents available
* }
* </code>
* 
* Tested against:
* @link https://www.ultratools.com/tools/ipv6CIDRToRange
* 
* @param string $a_Prefix
* @param bool $a_WantBins
* @return object
*/
function Ipv6_Prefix2Range($a_Prefix, $a_WantBins = false){
    // Validate input superficially with a RegExp and split accordingly
    if(!preg_match('~^([0-9a-f:]+)[[:punct:]]([0-9]+)$~i', trim($a_Prefix), $v_Slices)){
        return false;
    }
    // Make sure we have a valid ipv6 address
    if(!filter_var($v_FirstAddress = $v_Slices[1], FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6)){
        return false;
    }
    // The /## end of the range
    $v_PrefixLength = intval($v_Slices[2]);
    if($v_PrefixLength > 128){
        return false; // kind'a stupid :)
    }
    $v_SuffixLength = 128 - $v_PrefixLength;

    // Convert the binary string to a hexadecimal string
    $v_FirstAddressBin = inet_pton($v_FirstAddress);
    $v_FirstAddressHex = bin2hex($v_FirstAddressBin);

    // Build the hexadecimal string of the network mask
    // (if the manually formed binary is too large, base_convert() chokes on it... so we split it up)
    $v_NetworkMaskHex = str_repeat('1', $v_PrefixLength) . str_repeat('0', $v_SuffixLength);
    $v_NetworkMaskHex_parts = str_split($v_NetworkMaskHex, 8);
    foreach($v_NetworkMaskHex_parts as &$v_NetworkMaskHex_part){
        $v_NetworkMaskHex_part = base_convert($v_NetworkMaskHex_part, 2, 16);
        $v_NetworkMaskHex_part = str_pad($v_NetworkMaskHex_part, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
    }
    $v_NetworkMaskHex = implode(null, $v_NetworkMaskHex_parts);
    unset($v_NetworkMaskHex_part, $v_NetworkMaskHex_parts);
    $v_NetworkMaskBin = inet_pton(implode(':', str_split($v_NetworkMaskHex, 4)));

    // We have the network mask so we also apply it to First Address
    $v_FirstAddressBin &= $v_NetworkMaskBin;
    $v_FirstAddressHex = bin2hex($v_FirstAddressBin);

    // Convert the last address in hexadecimal
    $v_LastAddressBin = $v_FirstAddressBin | ~$v_NetworkMaskBin;
    $v_LastAddressHex =  bin2hex($v_LastAddressBin);

    // Return a neat object with information
    $v_Return = array(
        'Prefix'    => "{$v_FirstAddress}/{$v_PrefixLength}",
        'FirstHex'  => $v_FirstAddressHex,
        'LastHex'   => $v_LastAddressHex,
        'MaskHex'   => $v_NetworkMaskHex,
    );
    // Bins are optional...
    if($a_WantBins){
        $v_Return = array_merge($v_Return, array(
            'FirstBin'  => $v_FirstAddressBin,
            'LastBin'   => $v_LastAddressBin,
            'MaskBin'   => $v_NetworkMaskBin,
        ));
    }
    return (object)$v_Return;
}

, .

PS . If you have any problems with it, come back to me. I am far from an IPv6 expert.

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