You need to identify the Odoo server components / programs / libraries and install them yourself.
The first of all Odu uses PostgreSQL as its DBMS. I do not think PostgreSQL has been ported to Android. But I know that it is written in C, and you can compile it using the Android NDK toolchain. The fact is that you should see which libraries (dependencies) have postgres. https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/pgandroid/STg8xObGFlo
The second Odoo Business Logic is written in Python. Therefore, you need to install the Python interpreter on your Android device. A quick search yielded the following: Python Interpreter on Android
Third, you need to determine which Python modules use Odoo next to theirs (i.e. the libraries that PyPA manages and installs on the desktop). Some of them: http://pastebin.com/2cju5BRA
These three are the essence, but many other problems can arise later, even if you manage to get all the libraries (there are too many of them, trust me).
Odoo is a resource-intensive type of application (reads / writes to the database for almost all possible actions.
Conclusion For educational purposes, I would do it. So that I can learn from this. But I believe that the time you save if your server on an Android device outweighs the time spent porting it all to Android.