I had the same problem trying to get the cucumber tests on Travis.
It turns out that it is as simple as installing Meteor through the recommended method on its official website. Here is the configuration I use in the project:
sudo: required language: node_js node_js: - "0.12" install: - "curl https://install.meteor.com | /bin/sh" - "meteor update" script: - "meteor --test --once" env: - "SELENIUM_BROWSER=phantomjs"
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