Set up VPN programmatically on Android

Question

I need to implement IPsec VPN on Android programmatically, i.e. connect, disconnect at the click of a button inside my own application, without explicit user request. I came across VpnService ( https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/VpnService.html ) and its implementation, i.e. toyvpn ( https://android.googlesource.com/platform/development/+/master/samples/ToyVpn/src/com/example/android/toyvpn/ )

Some topics are already discussing the same thing:

• https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=8915
• How to configure VPN programmatically?
• VPN software setup
• How to programmatically create a new VPN interface with Android 4.0?
• Android: sample code for using native VPN connection in Android 4.0 using VPNService API

But did not find a satisfactory answer. What I understood is that I have to write the whole implementation myself. Or something about a hidden API in Android.