The part of the URL that follows the # character is usually not sent to the server in the page request. If you open your web inspector and look at the request for the page, you will see that the #/dashboard is not included in the request at all.
On a regular (main HTML) web page, the # symbol can be used to refer to a section on the page so that the browser jumps to this section after the page loads.
Fancy javascript-enabled web applications typically use the # character followed by more URL paths, for example www.example.com/some-path#/other-path/etc other-path/etc part of the URL is not visible to the server but it is available for Javascript to read in a browser and apparently display something else based on this url.
So, in your case, the first part of the URL is a server request:
http://dev.ibiza.jp:3000/facebook/report?advertiser_id=2102
and the second part of the URL may be for Javascript to display a certain kind of page after loading it:
#/dashboard
The # symbol is also used to create a fragment identifier and is also commonly used to refer to a specific piece of content within a web page (for example, to bring the browser to a specific section on the page).
As already mentioned, this makes sense SEO. To index such pages, you may have to use different methods so that the content that is โbehind the # symbolโ is available to search engines.
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