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What architecture do VoIP applications, P2P or Client-Server use?

Please let me know which architecture the VoIP, P2P or Client-Server applications use.

Thanks.

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Some of them in general. There are usually three protocols. One of them, for example SIP, is used to establish a connection. for this you need a server, because someone must establish the initial connection; which means the presence of advertising, etc. The other two are essentially always RTP and RTCP - “real-time protocol” and “real-time control protocol”, and those are better than P2P because you want fast transmission without an intermediate bottleneck.

There is a good article on the entire discussion here .

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Usually there is some kind of "presence server": the devices are registered ("I'm here!"), And the calls are set up through the server (when you say "I want to connect to the device (555) 555-1234 " that the connection request is sent through presence servers).

After the call is established and real-time streaming / streaming media, this traffic is usually peer-to-peer (bypassing any central server), unless there is a complication, such as both devices are behind firewalls.

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