The most effective would be to avoid LINQ; -p
int count = customers.Count, id = customer.Id; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { if (customers[i].Id == id) { customers[i] = customer; break; } }
If you want to use LINQ: this is not ideal, but will work at least:
var oldCust = customers.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Id == customer.Id); customers[customers.IndexOf(oldCust)] = customer;
He finds them by identifier (using LINQ), then uses IndexOf to get the position, and the indexer updates it. A bit more risky, but only one scan:
int index = customers.TakeWhile(c => c.Id != customer.Id).Count(); customers[index] = customer;
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