libCVD http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/libcvd
Cambridge Video Dynamics - a library for images, video capture, display, computer vision and much more. Integrates well with TooN for linear algebra. Language: C ++
It is actively developing and has many useful functions and algorithms, and, as a rule, these guys do the work very quickly.
This is LGPL.
It can be compiled on Win, Linux, and MacOS X.
There is also an intention to provide a port for Python with this, in order to allow prototyping of computer vision algorithms with Python and SciPy very quickly (I'm not sure at what stage it is now, but an article was published at the Python conference.)
If you are trying to do something in real time, you should seriously consider libCVD.
For example, This library uses the PTAM (parallel tracking and matching) structure that George Klein uses.
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