A database-only node issue will be security. The database must be accessible via the Internet, so the username and password to access it are sent over the Internet. Although you can add encryption and other protection, there is still a risk of a security breach.
In general, you should never allow direct access to databases over the Internet! This is real bad practice, which also explains why it is hard to find.
One way around this limitation is to create a web service around your database. In this web service, you will add all the functionality that you need to apply in this database, and the web service itself will support database protection. There is still a risk that your web service will be compromised, but even in this case, an attacker will not be able to inflict more damage than a certain web service allows.
Such a web service can be created in PHP, although I have more experience with doing something similar with .NET and C # on SQL Server ...
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