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IP Location Database

There are several free databases on the Internet. But it is interesting to know how they are formed. Can you suggest some of them?

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MaxMind has a good description:

The idea behind GeoIP is simple, but the process is complex. We use user-entered location data from sites that ask web visitors to provide their geographic location. We then run millions of these datasets using a series of algorithms that identify, extract, and extrapolate location points for IP addresses.

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There is no formula for converting an IP address to a geographic location. You will find out through whom the IP address is registered. This is not perfect. A block of addresses owned by Google or HP may not tell you much, as they are distributed in many places. Looking at the network path to reach the address (routers along the way) gives a few more tips. Most geolocation databases are compiled in this way - using known information about neighboring IP addresses and making the best estimate. Some providers will ask for information, asking you to correct their best guess about where your IP address is.

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