You should be able to, but just keep in mind that although most of the sample code will work, some may not work in the Mono environment, since the implementation is not 100% compatible with the .NET Framework. Also, of course, some things like WPF are not supported by Mono.
I used Monodevelop on Linux, and basically it works, but because I am also developing Windows with VS2010, I am delaying using the bottom Monodevelop, but as a newbie, it doesn't really matter to you.
source share