You will probably need to make changes to the platform by configuring or even changing the drivers in base Linux, so you will need root phones.
As a starting point, you can see some of the grid work done for Linux-based OLPC laptops. Also just search the net on the linux mesh network and see what happens.
My recommendation would be to temporarily disable Android, get the base linux that runs the network, and test it using command line executables, and then run android on top of it and make some interesting Android gui application to show off your work .
Alternatively, you can try to pass the mesh implementation to the psuedo-java level for android / dalvik by simply writing the stub drivers, but if it were me, I would execute the Linux implementation of the mesh and just set the interface configuration / monitoring / debugging for applications at the java level.
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