The answer is many years, but if someone else struggles with this, I recommend reading Frank Moon's Introduction to 3D Programming 3D Games with DirectX 11. This is a very good book. Although a book about DirectX 11, the first three chapters are devoted to the mathematical concepts necessary for graphics. The chapters explain mathematics and provide many exercises for learning topics at the end of the chapter. (You can make 2D games, but the math is the same, vectors and matrices have only one smaller dimension.)
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