No, port access is not sufficient to read cache elements.
AppFabric Cache uses WCF communication within the net.tcp network. Therefore, Windows security is enabled by default. When your client code accesses the cache, this results in a process identifier being passed. The identity is checked in the cache cluster and if you do not provide cache access for this identifier, the request is rejected (you see this as a strange "Temporary error. Try again later").
Usually a special account is created to run your process / application pool. You can grant access using the Windows PowerShell Caching Administration:
PS C:\Windows\system32> Grant-CacheAllowedClientAccount YOURDOMAIN\ProcessAccount
To verify access, use the following command:
PS C:\Windows\system32> Get-CacheAllowedClientAccounts Administrators NETWORKSERVICE IIS APPPOOL\ASP.NET v4.0 YOURDOMAIN\ProcessAccount
Hope this helps.
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