If you want to start Matlab on a specific path and automatically add this path to your search path, you will change the userpath setting:
userpath('C:\matlab')
If you want to start Matlab in a specific path without specifying the path to the search path, you have two options:
1) Create a startup.m file in the folder C:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2011a\toolbox\local and write in the file cd('C:\matlab') . Thus, whenever Matlab starts, it changes the path (you can also add other commands that should be executed at startup).
2) Right-click the Matlab icon, which you usually use to start the program, and in the properties write C:\matlab in the Start in line. Thus, whenever you start Matlab from a shortcut (but not otherwise), Matlab will change the path.
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