Unfortunately not.
To do this, you must create a custom member application for Umbraco.
== Edit on request ==
The gui element is explicitly created to handle Umbraco member objects, this object can be extended using properties of the same data types as all objects in Umbraco. This gui will not just work with asp.net's permanent membership provider, as they are incompatible.
To best fit this, you should extend the umbraco.providers.members class. UmbracoMembershipProvider instead of the usual asp.net membership provider.
Now you can make calls from UmbracoMembershipProvider to any asp.net membership provider, but this is a discussion of architecture and philosophy :)
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