If you run
$ git log file
it displays all commits starting from the current branch (which may differ: the output of the "git branch" is displayed as one branch), but only those commits that have changes that affect this path. Even if you do not have any other branches, you can be on a stand-alone HEAD, that is, on an unnamed branch.
Also check "git show" or "git whatchanged" (or "git show master") if the files are really modified.
Use "git show -cc" or "git show -raw -abbrev" if you want to check merge commit.
For recovery you can use "git reflog" / "git log -g".
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