Well, this is a very broad question, but I myself am currently dealing with one portal, which is based on knockout.js. Well, not all - he has an MVC3 backend, which then exchanges data with another backend based on WCF services. So no, knockout.js is not the only technology :)
Nevertheless, data binding proves itself again and again as a convenient and useful approach to creating a data-oriented portal. There were problems in earlier versions of the knockout that did not support peek'ing models, etc. But now everything is in order.
Each of our capabilities can be said to be a one-page application, with its own model and elements. Although there are some common components for requesting a long survey, etc., which tend to change model values. Thus, we no longer need to base such weekly links as css classes to update information such as the number of operations. We rather update the model and let everything else take care of itself.
So, in short, yes: with the right combination of other good technologies, you can create large web pages with multiple pages.
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