I'm not sure I fully understand what you are asking for, but in a typical setup you will have a translation reserve specified in your config.yml like this.
framework: translator: { fallback: %locale% }
In this example, the placeholder locator refers to the locale parameter in the parameters.ini / parameters.yml file.
I believe this comment is specified by default in your config.yml, but uncommenting this line effectively resolves translations.
Here you can see the full list of configuration options along with your default values: http://symfony.com/doc/current/reference/configuration/framework.html#full-default-configuration
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