I had the same problem on my Ubuntu 13.10 and I did this sudo apt-get install gdb , after which the debugger worked fine. However, it seemed strange to me that although I already had gdb and gdb64 in /usr/bin , apt did not say that gdb already installed and he installed it (possibly an updated version).
Also check your tool chain and make sure you are using gdb 64-bit if your executable is built on 64-bits .
I am using Qt Creator 3.1.0 , perhaps you should also upgrade QtCreator .
Hope this helps.
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