GNU Unifont can serve as a backup font for each code point in the base multilingual plane (BMP), which will be 0x0000-0xFFFF . This should cover the vast majority of what you might encounter. Available for download here ( archive ).
The Unicode Last Resort font can serve as the final reserve for each code in all planes. These glyphs show only broad categories. Available for download here .
It looks like you would need to detect the lack of a glyph with FT_Get_Char_Index () as SMart explained , and in these cases, go to the Unifont or Last Resort font.
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