You can set a custom component to display the tab title using the JTabbedPane.setTabComponentAt (int index, Component component) method:
, . null JTabbedPane / . , , , JTabbedPane / .
. , .
, :
JLabel label = new JLabel("Tab1");
label.setHorizontalTextPosition(JLabel.TRAILING);
label.setIcon(UIManager.getIcon("OptionPane.informationIcon"));
JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane(JTabbedPane.LEFT);
tabbedPane.addTab(null, new JPanel());
tabbedPane.setTabComponentAt(0, label);
1:

: Component . , JPanel JButton, :
final JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane(JTabbedPane.LEFT);
ActionListener actionListener = new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JButton button = (JButton)e.getSource();
for(int i = 0; i < tabbedPane.getTabCount(); i++) {
if(SwingUtilities.isDescendingFrom(button, tabbedPane.getTabComponentAt(i))) {
tabbedPane.remove(i);
break;
}
}
}
};
JLabel label = new JLabel("Tab1", UIManager.getIcon("OptionPane.informationIcon"), JLabel.RIGHT);
JButton closeButton = new JButton("X");
closeButton.addActionListener(actionListener);
JPanel tabComponent = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
tabComponent.add(label, BorderLayout.WEST);
tabComponent.add(closeButton, BorderLayout.EAST);
tabbedPane.addTab(null, new JPanel());
tabbedPane.setTabComponentAt(0, tabComponent);
2:

Update
, : JTabbedPane: LEFT,