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What sharing mode is used when opening files with open ()

I don’t see anything in the function parameters open()that allow me to specify how the shared file will be used. Therefore, I suspect that the file will be shared as likely as possible. In particular:

  • When a file is opened for reading, its sharing mode will allow subsequent open operations to open the file for reading, but not for writing.
  • When a file is opened for writing, its sharing mode prohibits subsequent open operations to open the file for reading or writing.

It seems to me that this is the most logical implementation. Are my assumptions correct?

Update: Martijn Pieters states that the answer is OS-specific. So, for this question, my target OS is Windows.

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2 answers

Python uses _wfopen()(Python 2 function open()) or _wopen()(Python 3 and io.open()) when opening files, none of which allow you to specify any exchange flags. Thus, sharing is set to the default, and what is not specified by default is not documented.

If you want to configure the sharing mode yourself, you will need to use msvcrt.open_osfhandle()it if you want to open the files that define the Sharing mode.

There is a Python bug tracker that implements a module sharingthat illustrates how to do this. Just opening from this patch, somewhat simplified, is:

import os
import msvcrt
import _winapi

CREATE_NEW                  = 1
CREATE_ALWAYS               = 2
OPEN_EXISTING               = 3
OPEN_ALWAYS                 = 4
TRUNCATE_EXISTING           = 5
FILE_SHARE_READ             = 0x00000001
FILE_SHARE_WRITE            = 0x00000002
FILE_SHARE_DELETE           = 0x00000004
FILE_SHARE_VALID_FLAGS      = 0x00000007
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY     = 0x00000001
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL       = 0x00000080
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY    = 0x00000100
FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE   = 0x04000000
FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN   = 0x08000000
FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS     = 0x10000000
GENERIC_READ                = 0x80000000
GENERIC_WRITE               = 0x40000000
DELETE                      = 0x00010000
NULL                        = 0

_ACCESS_MASK = os.O_RDONLY | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_RDWR
_ACCESS_MAP  = {os.O_RDONLY : GENERIC_READ,
                os.O_WRONLY : GENERIC_WRITE,
                os.O_RDWR   : GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE}

_CREATE_MASK = os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_TRUNC
_CREATE_MAP  = {0                                   : OPEN_EXISTING,
                os.O_EXCL                           : OPEN_EXISTING,
                os.O_CREAT                          : OPEN_ALWAYS,
                os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL              : CREATE_NEW,
                os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC | os.O_EXCL : CREATE_NEW,
                os.O_TRUNC                          : TRUNCATE_EXISTING,
                os.O_TRUNC | os.O_EXCL              : TRUNCATE_EXISTING,
                os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC             : CREATE_ALWAYS}


def os_open(file, flags, mode=0o777,
            *, share_flags=FILE_SHARE_VALID_FLAGS):
    '''
    Replacement for os.open() allowing moving or unlinking before closing
    '''
    if not isinstance(flags, int) and mode >= 0:
        raise ValueError('bad flags: %r' % flags)

    if not isinstance(mode, int) and mode >= 0:
        raise ValueError('bad mode: %r' % mode)

    if share_flags & ~FILE_SHARE_VALID_FLAGS:
        raise ValueError('bad share_flags: %r' % share_flags)

    access_flags = _ACCESS_MAP[flags & _ACCESS_MASK]
    create_flags = _CREATE_MAP[flags & _CREATE_MASK]
    attrib_flags = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL

    if flags & os.O_CREAT and mode & ~0o444 == 0:
        attrib_flags = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY

    if flags & os.O_TEMPORARY:
        share_flags |= FILE_SHARE_DELETE
        attrib_flags |= FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE
        access_flags |= DELETE

    if flags & os.O_SHORT_LIVED:
        attrib_flags |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY

    if flags & os.O_SEQUENTIAL:
        attrib_flags |= FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN

    if flags & os.O_RANDOM:
        attrib_flags |= FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS

    h = _winapi.CreateFile(file, access_flags, share_flags, NULL,
                           create_flags, attrib_flags, NULL)
    return msvcrt.open_osfhandle(h, flags | os.O_NOINHERIT)
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, , .

False. . cmd:

python -c "import time; f = open('tst','wb'); f.write('1'); time.sleep(3); f.write('333'); f.close"

,

python -c "with open('tst','wb') as f: f.write('22')"

1333 tst . f.flush() script 2333. \x00 charackters, , , f.write('1') f.write('1'*10**6)

+2

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