In principle, this should be enough:
-xplatform = qtbase/mkspecs/linux-arm-gnueabi-g++
Everything else is almost red-herring ...
Despite the fact that toolchain binaries are correctly named with their long names, for example. arm-linux-gnueabi-g++, inclusion paths, and libraries may interfere with system and library paths. This is what is meant to handle sysroot.
You can install it in the PATH of your cross-instrumental installation. No, this is not a Qt installation. This is the SDK you got from a possible Linaro, including the entire cross-platform development SDK. That is, the compiler, linker, stripper, include files, libraries, etc.
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