Why is this VirtualBox not expanding dynamically?

I have a virtual virtual virtual virtual machine with Uguntu 14.04. When I do a large mysql import inside the box, I notice that the import was incomplete. If I try to restart mysql, this error will occur:

[FAIL] /etc/init.d/mysql: ERROR: The partition with /var/lib/mysql is too full! ... failed!

I resized the VMDK image by cloning the VDI, resizing it and cloning it back to the VMDK, as I read that this might fix the problem.

$ df -h
rootfs                               9.1G  8.7G  8.0K 100% /

I know that the file system /tmpis mounted separately in Ubuntu, so I even tried changing the tmp directory to mysql.ini, and that didn't work either.

$ VBoxManage showhdinfo <guid>
Parent UUID:    base
State:          created
Type:           normal (base)
Storage format: VMDK
Format variant: dynamic default
Capacity:       24000 MBytes
Size on disk:   6894 MBytes
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