The best way to do this is to use the HSB color space.
As I did the left side of the keyboard in my last application ...

The “shadow” of color is the meaning of Hand S. Then you can change the brightness by adjusting the value B.
So, if you have a color like ...
HSB - 0.5, 0.9, 0.9 - very light blue
, B...
HSB - 0.5, 0.9, 0.3 - - .
HSB, ...
UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithHue:0.5 saturation:0.9 brightness:0.4 alpha:1.0];
" " " ".
, .
for, .