I believe that I have discovered a problem. I can play it on my development machine and on several other development machines.
I am using VS 2013. The solution I used included a second project, an installation / deployment project, an InstallShield Limited Edition project. If I delete this project, the errors disappear.
If I create a new project, add EF via Nuget, add the EF model to the solution, and then add this installation project, I can reproduce the error. If you try it yourself, just remember that you need to open the VS and the solution, open the model in the designer, click anywhere in the space of the design space, the error should appear in Output. Details are there in an earlier post.