I found the answer to this terrible question. Reply to https://github.com/phusion/passenger/wiki/Debugging-application-startup-problems under the heading "Early Termination in Bash". It turns out Ubuntu.bashrc does not start if the shell is not interactive. Phusion Passenger does not start in an interactive shell. Therefore, we do not load these environment variables for the Phusion Passenger process.
Mike's comment was on the go. If you are using rvm then nginx points to a ruby script that you can put environment variables before running ruby.
passenger_ruby /home/rails/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1@was_i_towed/wrappers/ruby;
nginx.conf. vi nano, EXPORT SECRET = .
, /etc/environment .
Phusion Passenger 5, nginx.conf.