If the u > 0statement becomes 1 - 0(true - false) = 1. If it u < 0does -1. If it is zero, it will also become 0. Thus, basically it returns a "sign" u(more precisely, 1with the corresponding sign). A common code snippet is for fixing ubetween +Vdcand -Vdc. (As suggested, it will only work for the positive Vdc).