Shortcut to change the hash

Question

I wonder if you can write below:

var t = [String:[Int]]()
if t["a"] == nil { t["a"] = [1] }
else { t["a"]!.append(2) }

This assigns a hash value if it does not exist and reuses it yet.

I know that I can write a function like

func extend(inout t:[String:[Int]], key:String, n:Int) {
  if t[key] == nil { t[key] = [n] }
  else { t[key]!.append(n) }
}

but wonder if there is a more elegant way.

Edit Actually, I was looking for a shortcut for the function, but I copied / pasted the test code above with different init / add values.

Answer 1

If you are trying to add 1if an array exists, and create [1]if the array does not exist (as implied by your function extend), you can use the nil union operator ??like this:

t["a"] = (t["a"] ?? []) + [1]

Extended example:

var t = [String:[Int]]()

t["a"] = (t["a"] ?? []) + [1]    // t = ["a":[1]]
t["a"] = (t["a"] ?? []) + [2]    // t = ["a":[1,2]]
t["b"] = (t["b"] ?? []) + [4]    // t = ["b":[4], "a":[1,2]]

Answer 2

, nil, :

if (t["a"]?.append(2)) == nil {
    t["a"] = [1]
}

( , ):

var t = [String:[Int]]()

func setOrAppend<T>(inout array : [T]?, initialValue : T, newValue : T) {
    if (array?.append(newValue)) == nil {
        array = [initialValue]
    }
}

println(t)                  // [:]
setOrAppend(&t["a"], 1, 2)
println(t)                  // [a: [1]]
setOrAppend(&t["a"], 1, 2)
println(t)                  // [a: [1, 2]]