Geek Answers Handbook

How to create a macro to create a symbol in Julia

I am trying to create a string macro literal in Julia to create symbol, so it s"x"will be the same as :x. This does not work:

julia> macro s_str(p)
           symbol(p)
       end

julia> s'x'
ERROR: s not defined

julia> s"x"
ERROR: x not defined
+3
source share
3 answers

Reason for hygiene macro . You can do either

macro s_str(p)
  quote
    symbol($p)
  end
end

which is easy to read or performs more complex but equivalent.

macro s_str(p)
  esc(:(symbol($p)))
end
+3
source

I would recommend

macro s_str(p)
    Meta.quot(Symbol(p))
end

This avoids the call at run time Symbol. See below for more information on quoting characters in macros.

There are three ways to quote something using the Julia function:

julia> QuoteNode(:x)
:(:x)

julia> Meta.quot(:x)
:(:x)

julia> Expr(:quote, :x)
:(:x)

"", ? . - , , . (, , .) :

julia> macro mysym(); :x; end
@mysym (macro with 1 method)

julia> @mysym
ERROR: UndefVarError: x not defined

julia> macroexpand(:(@mysym))
:x

? @mysym :x, x. x, x not defined.

, :

julia> macro mysym2(); Meta.quot(:x); end
@mysym2 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @mysym2
:x

julia> macroexpand(:(@mysym2))
:(:x)

Meta.quot, , .

Meta.quot QuoteNode, ? . , , QuoteNode Meta.quot. , Julia .

Meta.quot QuoteNode,

:

  • , Meta.quot;
  • , QuoteNode.

, , Meta.quot , QuoteNode . , $. , $. . , :

julia> ex = :( x = 1; :($x + $x) )
quote 
    x = 1
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

1 x, _ + _, _ x. , 1 + 1 ( 2). , :

julia> eval(ex)
:(1 + 1)

, . , 1 ex . , . -, :

julia> macro makeex(arg)
           quote
               :( x = $(esc($arg)); :($x + $x) )
           end
       end
@makeex (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex 1
quote 
    x = $(Expr(:escape, 1))
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> @makeex 1 + 1
quote 
    x = $(Expr(:escape, 2))
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

, 1 + 1 . , Meta.quot:

julia> macro makeex2(arg)
           quote
               :( x = $$(Meta.quot(arg)); :($x + $x) )
           end
       end
@makeex2 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex2 1 + 1
quote 
    x = 1 + 1
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

- , ( ) .

, Meta.quot . :

julia> @makeex2 1 + $(sin(1))
quote 
    x = 1 + 0.8414709848078965
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> let q = 0.5
           @makeex2 1 + $q
       end
quote 
    x = 1 + 0.5
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

, sin(1) , sin(1). , , . , - ; , , - . ( ) , , , .

, QuoteNode ? , QuoteNode , , .

julia> macro makeex3(arg)
           quote
               :( x = $$(QuoteNode(arg)); :($x + $x) )
           end
       end
@makeex3 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex3 1 + $(sin(1))
quote 
    x = 1 + $(Expr(:$, :(sin(1))))
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> let q = 0.5
           @makeex3 1 + $q
       end
quote 
    x = 1 + $(Expr(:$, :q))
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> eval(@makeex3 $(sin(1)))
ERROR: unsupported or misplaced expression $
 in eval(::Module, ::Any) at ./boot.jl:234
 in eval(::Any) at ./boot.jl:233

, Meta.quot , . , - QuoteNode? $. ? @makeex, , , +:

julia> macro makeex4(expr, left, right)
           quote
               quote
                   $$(Meta.quot(expr))
                   :($$$(Meta.quot(left)) + $$$(Meta.quot(right)))
               end
           end
       end
@makeex4 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex4 x=1 x x
quote  # REPL[110], line 4:
    x = 1 # REPL[110], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :x)) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(1 + 1)

@makeex4 , , . , , . ( , : , , . Phew!)

julia> @makeex4 x=1 x/2 x
quote  # REPL[110], line 4:
    x = 1 # REPL[110], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :(x / 2))) + $(Expr(:$, :x)))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(0.5 + 1)

, , . : $ . , , ( ). , - . , .

julia> macro makeex5(expr, left, right)
           quote
               quote
                   $$(Meta.quot(expr))
                   :($$(Meta.quot($(Meta.quot(left)))) + $$(Meta.quot($(Meta.quot(right)))))
               end
           end
       end
@makeex5 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex5 x=1 1/2 1/4
quote  # REPL[121], line 4:
    x = 1 # REPL[121], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :(1 / 2)))))) + $(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :(1 / 4)))))))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(1 / 2 + 1 / 4)

julia> @makeex5 y=1 $y $y
ERROR: UndefVarError: y not defined

, - . y ; y . . , QuoteNode.

julia> macro makeex6(expr, left, right)
           quote
               quote
                   $$(Meta.quot(expr))
                   :($$(Meta.quot($(QuoteNode(left)))) + $$(Meta.quot($(QuoteNode(right)))))
               end
           end
       end
@makeex6 (macro with 1 method)

julia> @makeex6 y=1 1/2 1/4
quote  # REPL[129], line 4:
    y = 1 # REPL[129], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :(1 / 2)))))) + $(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :(1 / 4)))))))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(1 / 2 + 1 / 4)

julia> @makeex6 y=1 $y $y
quote  # REPL[129], line 4:
    y = 1 # REPL[129], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :y)))))))) + $(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :y)))))))))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(1 + 1)

julia> @makeex6 y=1 1+$y $y
quote  # REPL[129], line 4:
    y = 1 # REPL[129], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :(1 + $(Expr(:$, :y)))))))) + $(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :y)))))))))))
end

julia> @makeex6 y=1 $y/2 $y
quote  # REPL[129], line 4:
    y = 1 # REPL[129], line 5:
    $(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :y)) / 2)))))) + $(Expr(:$, :($(Expr(:quote, :($(Expr(:$, :y)))))))))))
end

julia> eval(ans)
:(1 / 2 + 1)

QuoteNode, . QuoteNode , QuoteNode, . , Meta.quot .

- , , . , :

  • , Meta.quot;
  • , QuoteNode.

Expr (: quote)?

Expr(:quote, x) Meta.quot(x). . , , using Base.Meta, Meta.quot quot.

+1

-, , ", ' Julia. ' , , , s'x' transpose(s)*transpose(x). s"x" s_str.

, - hygene . esc , :

julia> esc(:x)
:($(Expr(:escape, :x)))

Please note that I am still quoting xhere so that it remains unappreciated (otherwise you would end up xinstead of :xin the final expression.

Here you need to avoid the full symbol(p). You need to use parentheses with :. Finally, use $pfor evaluation p(otherwise it pjust ends up being escaped as a character).

julia> macro s_str(p)
           esc(:(symbol($p)))
       end

julia> s"x"
:x
0
source

More articles:


All Articles