Dockerfile Jenkins defines the volume for its home directory:
VOLUME /var/jenkins_home
By default, Docker manages this volume based on each container. If you want to use the same data as in your old version of image / container, you have basically two options:
Give the volume a name at startup
docker run -v jenkinshome:/var/jenkins_home jenkins
or map it to a volume in the main system:
docker run -v /some/dir/jenkinshome:/var/jenkins_home jenkins
, . Docker.