You have to try it for yourself, as it does not sound like that. Removing all lights from the default SceneKit game template does indeed cause the model to be lit by ambient light. I expect this to be some kind of default that fires when SceneKit determines that you have no light in your scene.

Adding black ambient light does not seem to change it, however adding one dark non-ambient light (omni, directional, spot) leads to a dark scene. The following image has a dark gray omni light and no ambient light.

I do not think this is too important for real use, you are unlikely to have a scene without any external lights. Of course, understand the confusion in this case.
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