Subtract one month from the current month, and then “truncate” it before the start of this date. Since you do not want to include lines from the "this" month, you also need to add a condition for this
SELECT *
FROM Conference
WHERE date_start >= date_trunc('month', current_date - interval '1' month)
and date_start < date_trunc('month', current_date)
date_trunc('month', current_date - interval '1' month)will return the 1st day of the previous month, and date_trunc('month', current_date)will return the first day of the month "this".
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