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How does a computer know where the loader is located in the file system?

How does a computer know where the loader is located in the file system? Is there a common file among all operating systems and all computers (maybe not all computers, but all architectures) that point to the bootloader? I know that Raspberry Pi always loads bootcode.bin from the first section of the SD card. Does a PC have a common shared file like this?

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The main boot record occupies the first 512 bytes of the first hard drive and is the first that the BIOS loads in order to transfer control to a program that can load the desired operating system. In general, the bootloader installs in the MBR, removing its previous content. This (in cases of dual loading) allows them to live in a coexistence that is known as multiple loading.

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It differs from different architectures. But usually there is a register, the processor starts reading its first instruction after reset to start execution. This register often contains bits for the operation of switching to assembly to another memory address, which is the address of the boot code. On the next measure, the operation will be performed at this address and so on.

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