Is it true that the architecture is large or small, only the layout of the memory of numbers is different, that is, the line is the same.
If you have a simple 8-bit character representation (for example, extended ASCII), then no, endianness does not affect the layout, because each character is a single byte.
If you have a multibyte view like UTF-16, then yes, endianness is still important (see for example http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16#Byte_order_encoding_schemes ).
For strings of 1-byte characters that are valid. For Unicode strings (2 bytes / character) there will be a difference.
This is not true at all. Depending on the circumstances, more than one byte can be used for characters, in which case there is a difference between a low character encoding and a large character encoding.
For the most part, but you have to understand why. Big vs little endian refers to byte ordering in multibyte data types such as integers. ASCII characters represent only one byte.
Note that Unicode characters have multiple bytes, so the byte order matters. The whole Unicode point is that a single byte in ASCII can encode only 256 different values, which is not enough for all languages in the world.
Contact here for more information on what it means: http://www.cs.umd.edu/class/sum2003/cmsc311/Notes/Data/endian.html