Perhaps in terms of debugging, eclipse can be disconnected from the debugging process.
After that, is it possible to reconnect the Eclipse debugger in this process?
Yes, in general. You can disconnect using the Disable panel button in the Debug view (looks a bit like horizontal red lightning!).
To reconnect, go to the "DDMS" perspective, select the process you want to (reconnect) to connect in the "Devices" panel and click the green "Debug selected process ..." green button at the top of this panel.