You can use the listchars options to display special characters (see :help listchars ).
For example, if you want to show tabs, you can use:
:set listchars=tab:*\ " Be careful : there is a space after the backslash :set list
You can also change the highlight colors using the highlight property of the SpecialKey group.
If you use vim in terminal:
:highlight SpecialKey ctermfg=Cyan
See :help highlight details.
You can also check :runtime syntax/colortest.vim to see all available colors.
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