Just go to wordpress / wp-admin, which will work anyway, and go to settings -> permalinks. When you go to this page, wordpress will rebuild your .htaccess file and everything will work again.
EDIT (FROM http://codex.wordpress.org/Using_Permalinks )
If the above does not work:
Unable to work with pagination
Sometimes switching to the second (and subsequent) message page does not work properly.
The result of clicking one of these links is that the page loads with the entire environment (heading, footer, sidebar), but instead of the message page, an error message appears: "Sorry, no messages meet these criteria."
This is due to a crash in the .htaccess file generated by WordPress. To fix this, delete the contents of your .htaccess file and recreate it.
From the control panel, go to "Management"> "Files" ("Additional information on editing files")
Click the link in the .htaccess file to change its contents.
Copy the contents of the file and paste it into a text file in a text editor. This is a precaution if your .htaccess file has manual entries for redirection, failures, or other useful htaccess tricks.
Remove all content from your .htaccess file and click the Update file button.
In Control Panel, go to Options> Permanent Links.
Click the Refresh Permanent Structure button to update the new rewrite rules for your permalinks.
Check the results using a previously broken link.
Add all htaccess entries manually to your file (place htaccess entries manually before # BEGIN WordPress or after # END WordPress lines.)
You can also perform similar steps by deleting .htaccess files from the server, creating a fresh empty .htaccess file, changing its permissions to 666, and then in Options β Permalinks create a new set of htaccess rules by clicking the "Update permalink" button.
If this still doesn't work, check out the WordPress support forums, specifically http://wordpress.org/support/topic/permalink-nextpage-doesnt-work#post-283222