Yes. In fact, it was the other way around. Android web browser serves as launch for Chrome Chrome browser
There may be many limitations.
According to this source (sept 2008)
Google co-founder Sergey Brin showed some interesting tidbits about connecting Chrome / Android.
So, this was originally planned, but has not yet happened. Both teams (Android browser and Chrome) are very busy preparing their own product.
It can ultimately be developed by the open source community, but don't hold your breath.
OscarRyz
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