SVN Checkout will connect to your SVN repository and receive a working copy. In the working copy, you can make changes to the files, and when you execute the SVN Commit, the changes will be sent to the SVN repository. And SVN Update will update your working copy with changes made by other developers.
SVN Export can either connect to the repo or export a working copy to your local computer. Once you export a folder, you can no longer track changes made to it. (This will simply delete the hidden .svn folders).
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