How does the GUI Framework work?

I have been everywhere on the Internet looking for the answer to this question, and my question is: How does the GUI infrastructure work? for example, how does Qt work, are there any books or sites on the topic of writing a graphical interface from scratch? and should the structure also call methods from within the framework of the operating system GUI?

โ€œThanks to anyone who takes the time to try to answer this question, and forgive me if I messed up something.โ€

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A GUI framework such as Qt usually works by accepting existing primitive OS objects (windows, fonts, bitmaps, etc.), wrapping them with more platform neutral and less awkward classes / structures / descriptors and providing you with the functionality they need will manipulate them. Yes, this is almost always associated with the use of the OSโ€™s own functions, but it doesnโ€™t matter - if you are developing an API to create an OpenGL user interface, for example, most of the basic GUI components for the OS will not work, and you will do almost everything on your own.

In any case, this is not for the faint of heart. If you need to ask how the GUI environment works, you are not even ready to develop it. You better stick to the existing structure and expand it to do everything that it no longer does.

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Building a GUI infrastructure is not a 1,2,3 process.

All I can say is take a look at some of these open source IDEs, such as the Netbeans source code .

Review the code and then create the entire IDE.

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